. Theyre also known for their durability and longevity. As time went on into the 1900's, farmers started to . They make great productive pets, and dairy cows but may not be the most suited for beginners or small-scale farming due to their stubborn natures. In addition there are more than 200 Randalls. However, one of the underlying issues that have led to their endangerment is fertility issues, which makes them difficult to breed. The Linebacks owned by the Randall family became known as the Randall Linebacks. It was apparent very early on that the use of the words Blue or Lineback in the breed name was a source of great confusion. Pick up a copy at your local bookstore or tack and feed store or subscribe online>>. Randall Linebacks from Chapel Hill Farmwith menu attribution no lesswill appear as special seasonal foods at 10 of Washington D.C.s finest restaurants. Nonetheless, efforts are being made by the Livestock Conservancy to improve their numbers. Hobby Farms publishes the info you need to know to run a small-scale, sustainable farm. In Holland as in much of the world the dominant breed is the black and white Fresian or Holstein. Learn about the world's rarest cow and how this unique American Heritage breed came so close to extinction. The English Longhorn, Irish Moiled, Norwegina Telemark, Swedish Mountain and Dutch Witrik have the color-sided phase as their characteristic marking. The combination of the linear scores, five major breakdowns and the final score will describe the cow showing her strengths and weaknesses, which creates a mental picture without actually seeing the animal. The brockling may be in the form of round or eliptical spots or roaning or both. The females usually weigh between 600 to 1100 lbs, and the bulls can weigh as much as 1800 lbs (about as much as ten adult male humans)! The disposition of these animals is friendly. PO Box 1627 Sisters, Oregon 97759 It should also be noted that Lineback refers not only to a breed but also to appearance. agrarian@smallfarmersjournal.com Fax: 608-365-5577, January As one of the only two remaining landrace breeds remaining in the U.S.A., the Randall cattle is considered critically endangered. The original cow was deep red on her sides, with white line on her back and under the belly. According to the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, there are fewer than 200 Linebacks left in the world. During the 19th century, progressive American farmers coinciding with the development of breed societies began to look again to Europe for improved stock to grade up our native stock. Randall Linebacks are the rarest of all cattle breeds- only about 175-200 can be marketed each year! A conclusion can begin to be drawn from the above discussion and that is that cattle of both the lineback and color sided patterns occur throughout the world in many places and are imposed on a variety of dairy types and breeds. English Longhorns found their way to both New England and to Kentucky as well. Some, like the old Gloucester, are unique, or perhaps close relatives have become extinct. This cattle breed is fairly hardy with few health problems. Their use as draft animals is also beneficial for small farms that dont have the means to afford heavy farm machinery. They are fine in bone, and full medium in size. When Everett Randall died in 1985, the herd he and his father created was comprised of the last surviving landrace cattle in New England. Some have very good type like the dam of Plenty-Good Torro Pro-RC who beat out the main breeds for supreme champion at a local fair last year. They are good mothers and can sometimes be fiercely protective of their calves. Didn't find what you need? My Lineback #521 (pic below as a calf) weighed under 1000lbs and her first calve weighed 100lbs. PetKeen.com does not intend to provide veterinary advice. In my opinion, and in the opinion of others in the Randall Lineback Breed Association, the only way out of this dilemma is to produce enough Randall Linebacks so that two things can occur: a purpose sufficient to require a thousand breeding Randall Linebacks can be found and that enough Randall Linebacks can be produced initially to supply substantial demand., He goes on to say, This fall, Randall Linebacks are getting the proverbial job so necessary to a rare breeds survival. Within a few months, five individuals in Vermont, New Hampshire and Massachusetts had purchased ten animals. These animals can be extremely stubborn. They exemplify the innate traits of cattle raised on native New England subsistence farms. Private Treaty Details Average Weight 1,150 lb Total Weight 172,500 lb Asbury Farms Smithton, Missouri 65350 Phone: (660) 619-3994 Listing Location: Smithton, Missouri 65350 Selling Price: Call for price Financial Calculator Email Seller Video Chat Get Shipping Quotes Premium Listing View Details 5 Save Updated: Monday, January 09, 2023 09:56 AM Calves are born without an immune system, so they must drink antibodies through their mothers milk for the first few weeks of life. They predate conventional beef and dairy breeds by 150 years. Randall/Randall LinebacksThe American Livestock Breeds Conservancy calls them Randall/Randall Linebacks on the ALBC Watch List. This industrialization of cattle farming led to the extinction of nearly all American cattle breeds, which were crossbred with or simply replaced by standardized European stock. The Texas Longhorn and some African Breeds are ones in which the lineback patterns occur randomly, in breeds such as the English Longhorn, Gloucester, Pinzgauer, Vosgienne and the Moiled Cattle of Ireland, the lineback pattern in some form is their identifying characteristic. Classification is performed by a small group of well-trained individuals who meet on a regular basis to ensure the quality and uniformity of the program. If you are looking for a shorter list, . Their ears, eye-rings, noses, and feet are often black. Though not a prevalent breed they can be spotted on feedlots throughout North America in small proportions as "productive pets" alongside larger herds of other dairy cattle breeds. The baby of a lineback is known as a calf. As a general rule, most cattle will have an average dressing percentage of 63 percent. As a marketing tool, the breakdowns and final score appear on pedigrees and in advertising. Keeping Lineback cattle is relatively easy because this breed is well suited for free-stall housing and grazing. 80 - 84 Good Plus. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. Each dairy breed has established breed standards for type. Therefore, farmers must ensure they have a well-protected pasture or that the cattle are in a safe area at night. This created a genetic time capsule and saved the breed from extinction. A portion went to other herds, including a small group to a couple in western Massachusetts who planned to help conserve them. Lineback Cattle Physical Characteristics Color Black White Dark Brown Light-Brown Skin Type Leather Top Speed 25 mph Lifespan 10-15 years Weight 600-1800 lbs This post may contain affiliate links to our partners like Chewy, Amazon, and others. She also has an array of stray cats, raccoons, and possums who like to call her front porch home. In this type, the ears and muzzle will be black or red in bold relief to a predominantly white face. Efforts are being made to maintain and preserve the breed, though. The bulls are noticeably well-mannered. Thank you for reading! History of "The Lineback Cow". Geneticists recognize two variations of the Lineback; the first in which the animal has a dark, usually black or red body with a white dorsal stripe, possibly a star on the face, white tail and belly and perhaps one or more garters or white bands around the legs where they join the body. This article first appeared in the January/February 2007 issue of Hobby Farms magazine. He purchased part of Creechs cattle during her sojourn in Virginia and through aggressively working to increase their numbers, has established the largest herd of purebred Randall Linebacks in the world. Wales has many hardy native mountain cattle. Most of these, naturally, were various breeds of the British Isles: The Meuse Rhine Issel originates from the Netherlands and Germany. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The acceptance of Randall Lineback rose-veal by a chosen number of great chefs, which will grow by selection each year, is critical to the Randall Linebacks survival. Mammary System = 40%. Very few of the Randalls were actually blue, (and the word blue evoked unintended connections to the unrelated Belgian Blue breed), and the word lineback created almost universal associations with the American Lineback and other lineback patterned breeds. Because of this, it is safest to keep bulls in separate areas. Our mission at Pet Keen is to make the life of you and your pets easier and even more enjoyable. In the year 1855 Mr. Cole brought a cow from a Mr. Knox, living in Oneida Co., N.Y., who either imported her ancestors, or bred her from descendants of the original importation. These cattle are a living window into America's past. Monitoring weight gains is only part of the picture; every Chapel Hill Randall Lineback is given a qualitative conformation rating of one to five. In addition, scavenger birds such as vultures also feed on dead lineback cattle. Use the search! It is usually ideal for a cow to give birth every two years at most. The Lineback is a rare breed originating from America, in the 18th and 19th Century the Lineback was a dual-purpose animal, fulfilling the owners needs for both milk and meat. Some lineback cattle have even been bred in southern states such as Tennessee and Alabama, so they can also survive in hot climates. We rarely consider the breeds that supported the early colonizers or what became of them. A linebacks calf reaches full adulthood at two years of age. In the early days there was no Randall authority, just Cynthia, who owned most of the animals, and ALBC represented by Phil Sponenberg who was supplying breeding advice for her fledgling herd. Samuel & Everett Randalls Herd, 1912 - 1985. [see below ed.] While we provide information resources and canine education, the content here is not a substitute for veterinary guidance. Lineback cattle are commonly found in zoos and farms around the United States. April 1, 2021, July In addition, the State of Vermont has designated the Randall Lineback the State Heritage Breed of Vermont. But of the scores of landrace cattle breeds developed during her early history, only a few remain: Pineywoods and Florida Cracker cattle descended from colonial Spanish stock, and New Englands hardy Randall Lineback. The lineback cattle has an overall gestation period of nine to 10 months, almost the same as humans. February 1, 2021, May The prevailing color pattern of this breed is the color sided one and this is usually black, although red, blues and pure whites with black points are acceptable and not uncommon. Classification Apps Due Linebacks were multi-purpose animals that provided both milk and meat to their owners. In 2000, Cynthia Creech was named The American Livestock Breeds Conservancys Conservationist of the Year.. The herd consists of two different families and some cattle with characteristics of both. To produce itand to decide which calves to slaughter and which to retain for breeding stockChapel Hill Farm maintains extensive records on their cattle. Bulls are especially unpredictable. Ribbon snakes love water, but are excellent climbers too. Classification Apps Due Today there are several thousand Lineback dairy cows in the United States, some of them essentially Holsteins, some from Milking Shorthorn or other backgrounds and some quite unique. The Lineback cattle breed is named for the white line that runs down their back. Nevertheless, the stubbornness of each cow varies. When did the lineback cattle breed originate? One group is larger and somewhat resemble Milking Shorthorns or Ayrshires with quite long, black tipped, white horns; the other type is a little smaller with shorter curled horns. These ranged from a pair of steers for pulling, to a yeung bull, a bull calf, two cows and four heifers. These are hardy animals that can live in most climates. KY, TN, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, AR, MO, OK, TX The carcass then weighs 767 pounds. I have a huge love of animals and I love building my knowledge of animals through research. 34.1 Oz. Randalls have not been diminished through the single trait selection of typical modern agribusinesses. However, they make excellent dairy cows and are moderately easy to care for. 90 - 95 Excellent. In the wild, lineback cattle fall prey to predators such as wolves and coyotes. They may be roan or white, with red or black speckles on the edges. KY, TN, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, AR, MO, OK, TX Bulls of this rare breed often outlive the heifers. Item Weight. They spend between 6-11 hours per day grazing in large grasslands. The Longhorn and the Moiled are varying shades of red from strawberry to plum with much roaning. Undoubtedly, they owe their existence to all of the above mentioned antecedents. Illawarra cattle have taken their name from the Australian aboriginal word for a piece of land 50 miles south of Sydney, land locked between the Pacific Ocean and what was once a near impenetrable escarpment which rears abruptly to the west. However, shipping cattle by sea was costly (and risky), so as imported cattle interbred and multiplied in sufficient numbers to supply colonists with house cows, meat and oxen, importations largely ceased until the mid-19th century. Mr. Randal had not milked the herd commercially since his retirement from dairying fifteen years earlier but the herd still retains good dairy type with well made udders. During the interim, landrace populations developed everywhere cattle were kept. Nicole is the proud mom of 3 rescue fur babies, Baby, a Burmese cat; Rosa, a New Zealand Huntaway; and Mac, a Lab/Mastiff. The Gordian knot of the Randall Linebacks, and of all extremely rare breeds, he continues, is that no one has known what they were good for in todays world because there were so few around. ed. Like most other cattle breeds, they are used for dairy and beef and are generally low maintenance. In 1985 a group of Lineback . This was a convenient port geographically for the export of the Gloucester and its immediate ancestor, the Glamorgan, from South Wales. Learn more about us & read our affiliate disclosure. But, as they are stubborn creatures, they can sometimes be difficult to manage. In 2015, the Livestock Conservancy estimated that there are only around 500 lineback cattle left in the world.. The mother feeds the calf for up to six weeks after birth. Randall Linebacks at Chapel Hill FarmJoe Henderson, President of the Randall Lineback Breed Association and proprietor of Chapel Hill Farm, is one such breeder. The best bull calves are kept for breeding; the highest-rated cows are flushed and bred to several bulls. When, at the close of the nineteenth century a breed society was organized, they arbitrarily decided that black would be the accepted color. While there are several thousand Linebacks in the United States at this time, they are a rarer breedsome of which are critically rare. A somewhat opposite effect is occasionally found in Jerseys where a very dark, almost black, coat is accompanied by a gold stripe down the back. About the Author: Sue Weaver is an HF contributing editor who raises a variety of livestocksome rareon her farm in the Ozarks. Didn't find what you need? They originated mostly in Holland, Europe. Once primarily used as dairy cows, Randall cattle are generally better for milk production with a yield that contains 3.7% butter and 3.2% protein. Additionally, there are Gloucester linebacks with a dark blackhead, edges, and legs, a white abdomen white garters around the tops of the legs, and a unique white stripe throughout the back from head to tail. The result of this incestuous and close interbreeding has been altogether successful in keeping up the quality of the animals, both in flesh, perfect health, vigor of constitution, and milking quality of the cows to the character of the original dam, and, as Mr. Cole says, improved upon her. The Lineback is also commonly kept as a productive pet. The choice of location was an auspicious one because a year previous to the meeting what is probably the only purebred Lineback herd was located in nearby Arlington, Vermont. The Lineback is a rare breed originating from America, in the 18 th and 19 th Century the Lineback was a dual-purpose animal, fulfilling the owners needs for both milk and meat. Few of these breeds had been in existence long enough to really fix their characteristics. Cows gave birth to calves without assistance and illness was rare. Their name comes from their appearance; they have a thick white line that goes down their back. Unfortunately, that person has now decided to sell the herd and the future is uncertain. Individual animals within a landrace breed are similar enough in phenotype (how they look) to be recognizable as members of a bona fide breed, yet they show considerable variation in type. Pet Keen is reader-supported. They good milkers with an average milk yield of 7-10 liters per day. The breed was crossbred with Holstein cattle, which led to most of the lineback cattle population disappearing. This post may contain affiliate links to our partners like Chewy, Amazon, and others. Classification Apps Due All of the Randall Linebacks in existence today can be traced back to the Randall family farm. If the period between pregnancies is less than six months, it becomes risky for the mother. (US & Worldwide Statistics in 2023). Do Ferrets Need Vaccination Shots? To put this number in perspective, over 3,000 Kobe beef cows are sold annually while many thousands more Wagyu cows are available each year. Directly after birth, the calf should be fed its mothers colostrum since it is born without an immune system. In the mid 1990s, when for several years the only Randall breeders were Cynthia Creech and Phil and Dianne Lang, serious talk began about the breed name. They are classified into three distinct color styles white classic witrick, Dark sided witrick, and Dark Speckle witrick. A unique heritage livestock breed, the Randall Blue Lineback Cattle are known as a high-quality dairy cow that can produce a good quantity of milk from a diet of pasture grasses. The Lineback breed is in between Holsteins and Jerseys for milk and components. Considering that livestock of all classes have been imported to the United States, it is not surprising that we have our own Lineback breed. 15 Black and White Cow Breeds (With Pictures). The population is not even half as much as it was a century ago. Farmers responded by switching to the new wundercows or upgrading their landrace herds with registered bulls. They usually give birth to one calf at a time. Purchasing through these helps us further the A-Z Animals mission to educate about the world's species.. Some of them were imported fifty years ago into the vicinity of Boston, Mass., and probably since into the State of New York, but of the exact dates of their later importation we have no account. Although their exact origin is unknown, they likely first originated in the Unites States around the time of American Independence. When asked for her take on the cattle shes devoted her life to saving,Creech replies, Randall cattle are one of the few breeds that retain their natural instincts and characteristics. This is because as landrace breeds evolved, function was more important than form. In others, the markings are a distinct characteristic of the breed; while in some it is one of a number of patterns common to a local type. The Witrick pattern, in which the cattle have striped or dark sides, a black nose, eyes, and ears, is one of two named patterns. These landrace breeds of cattle produced the milk, provided the meat, and did the heavy agricultural work of New England for hundreds of years. Randall CattleMembers of the Randall Cattle Registry and Breed Association refer to their animals as Randall cattle or Randalls. This cow was then in calf by a bull of the same breed. In 1994, Creech sold two heifersthe first she felt ready to part withto Dianne and Phil Lang of South Kent, Conn., who already owned three Randalls and dreamed of establishing an organic dairy operation with the breed (which they have now done). Small Farmer's Journal View all of our Lineback Cattle pictures in the gallery. When it comes to production, this breed is capable of up to 2 gallons of milk a day that is high in protein and fat, with a good dairy character. Handled regularly, theyre calm and docile but do have a stubborn, assertive side that can show if theyre left alone for too long. Chapel Hill Randall Linebacks/Ron & Diane Salmon. One of them could be you. We invite anybody interested in Lineback Dairy cattle to join our organization. The current American Lineback Scorecard was updated in 2016. In the Netherlands, it was developed in the region of the three rivers from which it gets its name. At that point the Randall Linebacks future was bleak. After the War, an important part of the technology fix that offered a double-edged tool to American farmers was the widespread introduction and subsequent use of artificial insemination. Like all things, classification has evolved over the years as breed goals and the environment in which the cow lives change. There are fewer than 300 Randalls/Randall Linebacks in existence. Though it has been around for a very long time, they are much rarer these days. In her free time, Misty enjoys. Snake Quiz: Can you identify all 20 snakes? Our Linebacks the Randalls called them. Additionally the Moiled is polled and its name comes from the Irish for hornless and is the origin of our American term, muley for a polled cow. Efforts are in place to breed them and save this heritage breed, but their fertility issues are making it difficult to improve their numbers. The Witrick pattern has three variations of its ownwhite classic, dark speckle, and dark sided. Since theyre suited for small-scale farming, they are currently being bred in US states where agriculture thrives. *By completing this form you're signing up to receive our emails. This means that a beef animal weighing 1,000lbs will result in a carcass that weighs only 630lbs after slaughter. Bearded Dragon Quiz How Much Do You Know? 30 years later they are still going strong. A post shared by River Crest Farm (@rivercrestfarmer). 14 Rabbit Myths And Misconceptions You Need To Stop Believing Now! and bulls weighing from 1000 to 1800 lbs. The cows have strong maternal instincts and dont often have issues with calving. Then, after World War II, dairy farmers incorporated Holstein bulls into herds to improve dairy yields. This was further codified in the writing of bylaws for a breed Registry in 2000, and its subsequent incorporation in early 2001. By 1985, the Randall Lineback herd had dwindled to just a handful of animals. IL, IA, MN, ND, SD, NE, KS American Lineback Cattle Registry When Mr. Randal died in January 1985, his wife, realizing the value and unique quality of these cattle, cooperated with members of the American Minor Breeds Conservancy in an effort to place the cattle with people who would properly use and appreciate them. Photo and info from Wikipedia. chilling with her cats, playing piano, watching indie and foreign films, photographing abandoned places, and catching up on her never-ending TBR list. November 1, 2021, February Tags: You may like these posts Featured Image Credit: Randall Bull Andy (Image Credit: CTPhil Wikimedia Commons CC0 1.0). Over the next few years, 11 more herds were founded with bulls and heifers from Creechs herd. A Canadian expat, Nicole now lives on a lush forest property with her Kiwi husband and new baby daughter in New Zealand. The 16 linear traits are scored on a 1 9 scale with the higher numbers being more desirable for most traits. They are usually between 4-5 feet tall at the shoulder and 7-8 feet long, not including the tail. Special Notes Randall cattle are assertive and docile in temperament. The breed has also been known to have blue, brown, gray, mahogany, and red markings. This article appeared in the Winter 1986 SFJ, shortly after the formation of the American Lineback Cattle Registry. Consider the Border Collie, a landrace breed of working dogs developed in Scotland to herd sheep. Though the origins of the breed are not clear, it is likely to have originated in New England from a combination of Dutch, English, and French cattle. Although the average dressing percent for beef is 63 percent, several factors may affect the carcass weight. Randall Linebacks: New Englands Own Heritage Cattle. Normally the Gloucester does not have the garters. This cattle breed is primarily found in New England, so it can withstand cold, harsh winters and warm, humid summers. 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