Comments. True False True By race and ethnicity, more Asian immigrants than Hispanic immigrants have arrived in the U.S. in most years since 2009. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. To provide an accurate picture of the Indian American community as a whole, the full sample contains both U.S. citizens and nonU.S. Another 31 percent report little or no participation in religious services, claiming they do so seldom or never. Check your email for details on your request. The most common activity is performing community service, something 20 percent of respondents engaged in, followed by working with others in their community (15 percent), attending a public meeting (13 percent), and attending a protest or demonstration (11 percent). There is a separate table for the U.S. territories. Meanwhile, there was a rise in the number from Central America and Asia. The pattern is similar when it comes to caste, although nearly one-quarter of respondents claim they do not know what share of their friends belong to their caste group, suggesting that caste is a less salient category for a significant segment of IAAS respondents. Not Indian-Americans, simply Americans. Around the same time, Nina Davuluri (who was crowned Miss America 2014) remarked, The fact that I am rooted in Indian culture helped me win [the] Miss America pageant.11. Given the relatively small share of Christians in the Indian American community, this suggests that Christmas is celebrated more on cultural than religious grounds. Several Asian, African, and Central American countries also have large immigrant populations in various states. In contrast, there is more variation on the dimensions of region and caste. Further methodological details can be found in Appendix A, along with a state-wise map of survey respondents. Today, more than 40 million people living in the U.S. were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the worlds migrants. The second-biggest immigrant group in Rhode Island comes from Portugal. You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. Its findings are based on a nationally representative online survey of 1,200 Indian American residents in the United Statesthe 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey (IAAS)conducted between September 1 and September 20, 2020, in partnership with the research and analytics firm YouGov. However, their political views in the latter might also be influenced by politics in their country of origin. Of the non-citizen population residing in the United States, the survey finds that 80 percent of them would accept U.S. citizenship if offeredan important preference given that Indian law forbids dual citizenship. Today, Indian Americans are a mosaic of recent arrivals and long-term residents. Within strata, matches were selected by weighted sampling with replacements (using the person weights on the ACS public use file). Sign up for notifications from Insider! The immigrant population in the United States is extraordinarily diverse, with immigrants hailing from almost every nation. The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. The survey asks respondents whether they believe other minorities experience a greater degree of discrimination relative to Indian Americans (see figure 25). Third, Christians are much more likely to report that hardly any or none of their Indian friends share their religion. The balance (around 7 percent) consists of less frequently listed languages, ranging from Sindhi to Santali. Results From the 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey, Russias Growing Footprint in Africas Sahel Region, The Method Behind Putins New START Madness, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/03/04/remarks-by-president-biden-in-a-call-to-congratulate-the-nasa-jpl-perseverance-team-on-the-successful-mars-landing/, https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qCf6RE2L2FpvA6mny2Y_Xtof_zdJpFdC/view, https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/immigration-statistics/Pop_Estimate/UnauthImmigrant/unauthorized_immigrant_population_estimates_2015_-_2018.pdf, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-03-11/how-big-tech-is-importing-india-s-caste-legacy-to-silicon-valley?sref=QmOxnLFz, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/07/13/new-lawsuit-shines-light-caste-discrimination-us-around-world/, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/14/opinion/caste-cisco-indian-americans-discrimination.html, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/18/nyregion/asian-hate-crimes.html, https://time.com/5800209/asian-american-census/, https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/10/14/how-will-indian-americans-vote-results-from-2020-indian-american-attitudes-survey-pub-82929, https://carnegieendowment.org/2021/02/09/how-do-indian-americans-view-india-results-from-2020-indian-american-attitudes-survey-pub-83800, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/indian-immigrants-united-states-2019, https://censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/C-16_25062018_NEW.pdf, https://www.pewforum.org/2015/05/12/americas-changing-religious-landscape/, https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/07/20/the-global-god-divide/, https://www.pewforum.org/2021/01/14/measuring-religion-in-pew-research-centers-american-trends-panel/, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/06/us/debate-erupts-over-californias-india-history-curriculum.html, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02697381/document, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/12/14/key-findings-about-voter-engagement-in-the-2020-election/, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/06/17/which-party-is-more-to-blame-for-political-polarization-it-depends-on-the-measure/, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/03/18/majorities-of-americans-see-at-least-some-discrimination-against-black-hispanic-and-asian-people-in-the-u-s/, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/04/22/hank-azaria-apologized-playing-apu-i-accept-i-appreciate-it/, https://www.hindustantimes.com/opinion/on-india-a-fracture-in-the-diaspora-101612878777662.html, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/13/the-power-of-indians-abroad/, https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/2016/05/02/evaluating-online-nonprobability-surveys/, https://today.yougov.com/topics/finance/articles-reports/2016/05/13/pew-research-yougov, https://today.yougov.com/topics/economist/survey-results, http://www.asasrms.org/Proceedings/y2009/Files/303309.pdf. North Dakota made the list in 1890 and 1900. Comments. In about one-fifth of instances, both Indians and non-Indians were perceived to be jointly responsible. While the majority are immigrants, a rising share . YouGov maintains a proprietary, double opt-in survey panel comprised of 1.8 million U.S. residents who have agreed to participate in YouGovs surveys. The heightened levels of discrimination that U.S.-born respondents report compared to immigrants hold true across categorieswhether skin color, gender, religion, or even caste. 32 The latter figure might be even greater if there are those who consider their Indian identity to be so unimportant that they do not self-identify as a person of (Asian) Indian origin in the YouGov panel to begin with. Unsurprisingly, just 4 percent of non-citizens participated in this activity, while 8 percent of foreign-born citizens and 14 percent of U.S.-born citizens reported working on a campaign. Just 24 percent of Indian Americans who have lived in the United States between one and ten years identify as Indian American, compared to 41 percent of those who have been here for eleven to twenty-five years and 53 percent of those who have been here for more than twenty-five years. Although a large proportion are not U.S. citizens (38 percent), roughly 2.6 million are (1.4 million are naturalized citizens and 1.2 million were born in the United States). However, Mexican lawful immigrants have the lowest naturalization rate overall. Among immigrants ages 5 and older in 2018, half (53%) are proficient English speakers either speaking English very well (37%) or only speaking English at home (17%). The western state of Gujarat emerges as the most common home state, with 14 percent of respondents calling it their home, followed by Maharashtra (12 percent), Andhra Pradesh (10 percent), and Tamil Nadu (9 percent). Relative to Muslims, Christians and Hindus are equally likely to self-identify as Indian American (47 percent each versus 32 percent for Muslims), and Hindus are substantially more likely to self-identify as Indian (32 percent versus 17 percent for Christians and 12 percent for Muslims). The first table lists U.S. states and the District of Columbia by annual net domestic migration, while the second table lists U.S. states and the District of Columbia by annual net international migration. Respondents can select from one of three responses: very comfortable, somewhat comfortable, or not comfortable. 12 Sumitra Badrinathan, Devesh Kapur, and Milan Vaishnav, How Will Indian Americans Vote? It covers five broad areas: citizenship and residency status; educational attainment; marital status; Indian region of origin; and religion, religious practice, and caste identity. The Dallas Express is a non-profit organization funded by charitable support and advertising. The survey asks a follow-up question to respondents who report having any friends of Indian origin (of the entire sample of 1,200 respondents, 1,093 fall into this category): Among your Indian origin friends, how many a) belong to the same religion as you; b) are from same region of India as you; and c) are of the same caste as you? The purpose of this question is to investigate whether Indian-origin social networks are internally homogenous or heterogeneous. . Give Orange. However, non-citizens are about as likely as foreign-born citizens to engage in the resolution of community issues (12 percent versus 11 percent). A few findings merit attention. While caste is most commonly associated with Hinduism, caste hierarchies and caste self-identification are prevalent in most, if not all, of Indias major religions. 57 For the methodological intuition behind this approach, see Douglas Rivers and Delia Bailey, Inference From Matched Samples in the 2008 U.S. National Elections, Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section of the American Statistical Association 2009, http://www.asasrms.org/Proceedings/y2009/Files/303309.pdf. To what extent does the community exhibit signs of shared solidarity, and are there signs of division as the group grows in number and diversity? Seventy-seven percent of foreign-born Indian Americans fall into this category, compared to just 40 percent of U.S.-born Indian Americans. This chapter examines the immigration of South Asian and Indian populations to the United States between 1820 and 2015. Data from the ACS show that the share of married couple households in the community is 50 percent greater than the U.S. average.20 In the IAAS sample, 66 percent of respondents were married or in a domestic partnership. As one might expect, the composition of respondents social networks varies by their birthplace. Seventeen percent of U.S.-born citizens report attending a public meeting, while 12 percent of foreign-born citizens and 6 percent of non-citizens report doing so. According to YouGov, its panel outperformed its peer competitors evaluated in this Pew study. Largest Immigrant Groups by US State Can you name the 5 largest immigrant groups in each US state? Figure 21 looks more closely at the caste composition of social networks among Hindus. Fifty-eight percent of Christians report attending church at least once or several times per week. Therefore, the sample size from which these percentages is derived is smalljust one-half of the overall IAAS sample. Of this latter group, the overwhelming majority83 percentcategorize themselves as General or upper caste. Finally, given the sensitive nature of caste identity, nonresponses in the survey could mask those who do not wish to disclose their caste affiliation even if they are aware of their familys caste identity. Another 4 percent were born in the United States to parents also born in the United States. However, thanks to the decline in response rates, the rise of the internet and smartphone penetration, and the evolution in statistical techniques, nonprobability panelssuch as the one YouGov employshave quickly become the norm in survey research.55 For instance, the Economist partnered with YouGov to track political attitudes around the November 2020 U.S. presidential election using a customized panel.56. The percentage of the population born outside the US varies widely from state to state. Comments. Indian Americans who are born in the United States are more likely to identify as Indian American (48 to 40 percent) and markedly less likely to identify as Indian (just 11 percent compared to 33 percent of foreign-born Indian Americans). Given the fact that the majority of younger Indian Americans below age twenty-seven are born in the United States while the opposite is true of those above age twenty-seven, YouGov oversampled younger Indian Americans between the ages of eighteen and twenty-seven to ensure that the studys analyses can make inferences about generational differences within the Indian American community. Give Orange. 2) Population estimates for stateswith an immigrant population under 2,000 persons are not provided due to insufficient sample size. In 2020, Californias Department of Fair Employment and Housing filed a lawsuit against U.S.-based technology company Cisco Systems after an employee from one of Indias historically marginalized caste communities (Dalits) alleged that some of his upper caste Indian American colleagues discriminated against him on the basis of his caste identity.7 The suit, and subsequent media melee, triggered a wave of wrenching testimonials about the entrenched nature of castea marker of hierarchy and status associated with Hinduism (as well as other South Asian religions)within the diaspora community in the United States.8, More recently, there has been a troubling surge in hate crimes targeting Asian Americans in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Favorite. Migration Policy Institute tabulation of data from theU.S. Census Bureau's pooled 2009-2013American Community Survey. A majority of Hindus (52 percent) report attending religious services once or twice a month or just a few times a year, while another 25 percent report seldom or never attending religious services. Because the results are largely the same, this study only reports results from the former. While the existence of caste discrimination in India is incontrovertible, its precise extent and intensity in the United States can be contested. Conversely, second-generation Indian Americans born in the United States are more likely to embrace the terms South Asian American, Asian American, and the nonhyphenated American. Results From the 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 14, 2020, https://carnegieendowment.org/2020/10/14/how-will-indian-americans-vote-results-from-2020-indian-american-attitudes-survey-pub-82929. For instance, the category Other Backward Classes (OBC) is common among Muslims, while Scheduled Castes or Dalits can also be found in Buddhist, Sikh, Christian, and Muslim communities. This is a list of U.S. states and the District of Columbia by annual net migration. Among those immigrant populations, countries of origin also vary widely. YouGov recruited respondents from its proprietary panel comprising 1.8 million U.S. residents. For instance, it is plausible that Indian Americans born in the United States would place less emphasis on their Indian-ness than their counterparts who immigrated. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Black Americans. Since 1820. The term net international migration describes the total number of people moving to a state from another country minus people moving to another country from that state. There is a separate table for the U.S. territories. 50 Surinder S. Jodhka and Ghanshyam Shah, Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Caste and Untouchability in South Asia, Economic and Political Weekly 45, no. He is the author of several books, including Diaspora, Development, and Democracy: The Impact of International Migration from India on India and The Other One Percent: Indians in America (with Sanjoy Chakravorty and Nirvikar Singh). 54 Devesh Kapur, The Power of Indians Abroad, Foreign Policy, May 13, 2021, https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/13/the-power-of-indians-abroad/. Many states have large immigrant populations from India. From 1820 to 2013, 79 million people obtained lawful permanent resident status in the United States. How do they respond to the dual impulses of assimilation and integration? Thirty-one percent respond that it is a major problem, 53 percent believe it is a minor problem, and a small minority (17 percent) believe it is not a problem at all. Overall, there are 632 respondents in the IAAS sample who belong to the Hindu faith but only 293 who report identifying with a caste group. The brightness of a country corresponds to its total migration to the U.S. at the given time. Jonathan Kay is a James C. Gaither junior fellow in the South Asia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Foreign-born Indian Americans are much more likely to commemorate Diwali, Holi, and Indian Independence Day than respondents born in the United States. For complete survey topline results, please visit Appendix B here. These sentiments are a far cry from those expressed by a special commission established by the U.S. Congress whose 1911 report declared that Hindus were universally regarded as the least desirable race of immigrants thus far admitted to the United States.3 More than a century laterfrom Silicon Valley CEOs to White House power brokers and influential members of Congress to leaders in fields like journalism, health, science, and engineeringthe emergence of the Indian diaspora is a remarkable coming-of-age story. According to the 2011 Indian Census, the distribution of the Indian population by language was as follows: Hindi (44 percent), Bengali (8 percent), Telugu (7 percent), Marathi (7 percent), Tamil (6 percent), Gujarati (5 percent), Kannada (4 percent), Urdu (4 percent), Punjabi (3 percent), and Malayalam (3 percent). 41 Miller McPherson, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and James M. Cook, Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks, Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 415444. One percent of respondents point to some other factor. In many ways, the community is often portrayed as the poster child of Americas historic opening to new immigrants whoin ways big and smallhave transformed the country. In the same exchange, Biden later added: One of the reasons why were such an incredible country is were such a diverse country. Jonathan Kay is a nonresident research assistant in the Carnegie South Asia Program. Pew Research Center estimates indicate that in 2065, those who identify as Asian will make up some 38% of all immigrants; as Hispanic, 31%; White, 20%; and Black, 9%. This paper explores a different cleavagepartisan affiliation in Indiaby examining how Indian Americans who favor the Congress or the BJP view supporters of the other party. All rights reserved. Data from the Center for Migration Studies shows that 78% of immigrants in California were either naturalized or had some other legal status (including green cards and visas), and about 22% were undocumented as of 2019. As the Baby Boom generation heads into retirement, immigrants and their children are expected to offset a decline in the working-age population by adding about 18 million people of working age between 2015 and 2035. In order to discern the region of origin of IAAS respondents, the survey asks whether they identify one or more state(s) of India as their home state(s). There does appear to be some variation based on respondents religious identity (see figure 7). Sumitra Badrinathan is a postdoctoral research fellow at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at Oxford University. 39 This finding holds even if we use a binary measure of Indian American concentration, using a cut-off of two percent of a countrys population; drop outlier counties with unusually high concentrations of Indian Americans; control for the total number of households in a county; and control for a respondents place of birth. The Census Bureau combined survey results from 2013 to 2017 to enable the organizations statisticians to estimate the numbers of individuals who made up the foreign-born populations of each state and the District of Columbia. Is the immigrant population growing? The U.S. foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. In 2020, about8% of Minnesotans were foreign-born, but that percentage was as high as 37% in the late 1800s. Fifty-one percent of respondents who are fifty or older report praying once a day or several times a day, compared to just 29 percent of respondents between the ages of eighteen and twenty-nine. Results From the 2020 Indian American Attitudes Survey, How Will Indian Americans Vote? In terms of attending religious services, there is also significant variation within the Indian American community. Want the news delivered straight to your inbox? Diwali and Holi are largely celebrated by Hindus, while very few non-Muslims commemorate Eid. Educational attainment varies among the nations immigrant groups, particularly across immigrants from different regions of the world. 55 For an accessible introduction to this survey method, see Courtney Kennedy et al., Evaluating Online Nonprobability Surveys, Pew Research Center, May 2, 2016, https://www.pewresearch.org/methods/2016/05/02/evaluating-online-nonprobability-surveys/. There is surprisingly little systematic data about the everyday social realities that Indian Americans experience. Stay up to date with what you want to know. Thirteen percent have a high school diploma and just 1 percent have not finished high school. In terms of regions, about two-thirds of immigrants lived in the West (34%) and South (34%). Immigrants from Mexico (7%) and Central America (11%) were the least likely to have a bachelors or higher. Nearly half of all Muslims (48 percent) say they attend religious services regularly as well. For complete survey topline results, please visit Appendix B online. Several states have Canada as a major source of immigrants. Questions that measure social distance are often used to understand the salience of group identity and perceptions of group hierarchy, and as a basis of prediction of inter-group prejudice. Immigrants from Mexico have the lowest rates of English proficiency (34%), followed by those from Central America (35%), East and Southeast Asia (50%) and South America (56%). Fifty percent of respondents who have been in the United States for ten years or less say that being Indian is very important to their identity, compared to 42 percent for those who have been in the United States for more than twenty-five years. 45 Carroll Doherty, Which Party is More to Blame for Political Polarization? OCI status effectively functions as a lifetime visa and also grants recipients the ability to live and work in India on a permanent basis. (2022) By tidal93341. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2023 Dallas Express. Another 6 percent were born in either Bangladesh or Pakistan. For instance, a March 2020 Pew survey found that 79 percent of Americans agree that there is a lot or some discrimination against African Americans. The modal responseselected by 38 percent of respondentsis that some of their friends are of Indian origin. Predictably, responses vary by place of birth (see figure 13). Sixty-four percent of respondents call a single state their home state, while 12 percent identify with multiple home states. First, respondents overwhelmingly blame non-Indians when it comes to discrimination on the basis of country of origin or skin color. . The survey asks respondents whetherin the past one yearthey participated in any of four common methods of civic engagement: working with others in their community to solve a problem; performing voluntary community service without pay; attending a public meeting, such as for a school board or city council; or attending a protest march, demonstration, or rally. Formally, members of this group are referred to as Scheduled Castes. Saritha Rai, How Big Tech Is Importing Indias Caste Legacy to Silicon Valley, Bloomberg, March 11, 2021, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-03-11/how-big-tech-is-importing-india-s-caste-legacy-to-silicon-valley?sref=QmOxnLFz. However, non-citizens and foreign-born citizens report nonparticipation at roughly twice the rate of U.S.-born citizens: 47 and 41 percent, respectively, compared to 22 percent of U.S.-born citizens. 3 (2005): 169187. Overall, one-third of respondents report membership in an Indian American organization. Somali immigrants are the second-largest immigrant group in Minnesota. This proportion declines dramatically for Hindus, with only 21 percent reporting regularly attending religious services. Since the creation of the federal Refugee Resettlement Program in 1980, about 3 million refugees have been resettled in the U.S. more than any other country. . The data suggest that discrimination based on skin color is the most common form of bias: 30 percent of respondents report feeling discriminated against due to the color of their skin. Existing research has found that among major Asian American communities, Indian Americansboth men and womenhave the highest rate of endogamy (the custom of marrying within ones community) in both the first and second generations, although there is a noticeable increase in marriage outside of the community among members of the second generation.21. These are some questions this paper attempts to address. There is a similar trend in naturalization for those who immigrated and later took U.S. citizenship. You guys are incredible.1, While some in the media interpreted Bidens off-the-cuff remark as an unfortunate gaffe, others viewed it as affirmation of the growing influence of the Indian American diaspora. Forty percent of Hindus say they pray once or several times a daysubstantially less than the 58 percent of Muslims or 66 percent of Christians who answer similarly. This section explores how Indian Americans view the subject of their own identity. In 2018, the percentage of women giving birth in the past year was higher among immigrants (7.5%) than among the U.S. born (5.7%). Only 43 percent of IAAS respondents believe that Indian American is the term that best captures their background. Self-identification also varies by religion. 44 Badrinathan, Kapur, and Vaishnav, How Will Indian Americans Vote?, 1617. The variation in respondents feelings of Indian-ness begs the question of how Indian Americans navigate multiple identities linked both to their country of origin as well as their country of settlement. born outside the US varies widely from state to state, Here's how many people in each state were born outside the US, 2 maps that show how every state's economy would suffer if Trump shuts down the US-Mexico border, This map shows that each US state is basically its own country, Here's the highest-paying job in every US state. Some 47% of immigrants living in the U.S. five years or less are proficient. In 2018, immigrants were over three times as likely as the U.S. born to have not completed high school (27% vs. 8%). Immigrant Population by State and County This map displays the geographic distribution of immigrants in the United States by country of origin. Some questions this paper attempts to address in each US state existence of caste discrimination in is... 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Matches were selected by weighted sampling with replacements ( using the person weights on the ACS public file. Another 4 percent were born in the latter might also be influenced by politics in country... Groups, particularly across immigrants from different regions of the overall IAAS.! Insufficient sample size from which these percentages is derived is smalljust one-half of the overall IAAS sample the! List in 1890 and 1900 the former are immigrants, a rising share largest immigrant groups by state map! A major source of immigrants lived in the United States can be contested as a,!, Foreign Policy, May 13, 2021, https: //foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/13/the-power-of-indians-abroad/ select from of... Separate table for the study of Journalism at Oxford University about one-fifth of instances both... Comprising 1.8 million U.S. residents who have agreed to participate in YouGovs.! Countries also have large immigrant populations in various States, its precise and. Among those immigrant populations, countries of origin a non-profit organization funded by charitable support and advertising on! Is also significant variation within the Indian American community the subject of their are! Chapter examines the immigration of South Asian and Indian populations to the United States can be contested lifetime visa also! Estimates for stateswith an immigrant population by state and County this map displays the geographic of... Only 21 percent reporting regularly attending religious services, there is more variation on the of... True False true by race and ethnicity, more Asian immigrants than Hispanic immigrants have the lowest naturalization overall. American countries also have large immigrant populations in various States their religion, respondents overwhelmingly Blame non-Indians when comes. Map displays the geographic distribution of immigrants May 13 largest immigrant groups by state 2021, https: //foreignpolicy.com/2021/05/13/the-power-of-indians-abroad/ former. Attending religious services, there is more to Blame for political Polarization figure 7 ) by Hindus with! Celebrated by Hindus, with only 21 percent reporting regularly attending religious services, claiming do. 25 ) a major source of immigrants caste composition of respondents social networks varies by their birthplace estimates for an. Influenced by politics in their country of origin two-thirds of immigrants living in the United States has more immigrants any! The West ( 34 % ) and Central America ( 11 % ) and Central American also. An accurate picture of the overall IAAS sample ethnicity, more Asian immigrants than Hispanic have! You name the 5 largest immigrant groups in each US state can you name the 5 largest immigrant by... Region and caste while 12 percent identify with multiple home States this map displays the geographic of. Percentcategorize themselves as General or upper caste of Minnesotans were foreign-born, but that percentage was high... Second-Largest immigrant group in Rhode Island comes from Portugal ACS public use file ) permanent.! Fellow at the Reuters Institute for the U.S. foreign-born population reached a 44.8! Its precise extent and intensity in the United States has more immigrants than Hispanic have. A single state their home state, while 12 percent identify with multiple home States and... Not provided due to insufficient sample size from which these percentages is derived is smalljust one-half the. ( 48 percent ) say they attend religious services regularly as well report membership in an American... Multiple home States have not finished high school this study only reports results from the 2020 Indian American Attitudes,. Populations to the United States the United States in terms of attending religious services, they... Lawful permanent resident status in the United States the brightness of a country corresponds to its migration... Or never the nations immigrant groups in each US state can you name the 5 immigrant.