WebA: By a global city, we understand a city that possess power of changing global phenomenon and effects Q: Write and explain 5 reasons why John Brown can be considered a terrorist: A: Terrorists want to "frighten" people and make them fearful. The city needs to complete the membership application form and submit it to the responsible National Commission for UNESCO for endorsement. UNESCO defines a learning city as a city that: effectively mobilizes its resources in every sector to promote inclusive learning from basic to higher education; revitalizes learning in families and communities; facilitates learning for and in the workplace; extends the use of modern learning technologies; However, one could not say that it had entered among the leading global cities network or was influential in world culture. 18Istanbul is certainly an important city with a population of over 10 million. It occurs in physical spaces. A city's intellectual influence is seen through the influence of its publishing industry. As cultural, technical, and social concepts collided on the urban stage of meeting houses and marketplaces, cities gave birth to writing, the evolution of art, abstract concepts, and mathematics, thus giving the city a predominant role in the development of world culture. Often as in the case of Manchester (UK), these have developed somewhat consciously, but often chaotically. The cities of New York and Los Angeles have been dominant in developing this culture. A possible candidate for one of these new cultural centers could be Istanbul due to: (1) the recent regional changes in the economic and geo-political climate; and (2) its unique geographical location, being at the crossroads of Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. Economic opportunities in a global city make it attractive to talents from across the world. 21, no2, pp.323 -39. In addition to this, members are required to submit a Progress Report on their learning city project every two years to the UNESCO GNLC Coordination Team. wherein they provide high quality education and learning at college or university level. Istanbuls geographic position is unique in the world as it borders on Europe, the Middle East, the Balkans, Ukraine, Russia, and the Central Asian republics (see Figure 1.) Review each of the transactions and prepare any necessary journal entries for each situation. Freely, Istanbul: The Imperial City, London: Penguin, 1998, p.173. With its 9 million inhabitants at the beginning of the millennium, it has size on its side. Note: Alpha cites are noted in bold print; Frankforts rank is 538 and Milan is 61 in world urban population. Relatively recent developments, as previously mentioned, have the potential to reestablish Istanbul again as a significant contributing cultural center. 20 O. Pamuk, Istanbul: Memories of a Cty, London: Faber and Faber, 2005, p.91. The foremost promoter of the development of the creative class is Richard Florida as presented in his book, The Rise of the Creative Class.9 It is contended that certain cities are more centers of creativity than others. 1. The cultural impact of Athens, Amsterdam, Rome, Vienna, London, Paris, Madrid, Istanbul (Constantinople), Florence, Venice, Milan, Budapest, Barcelona, Prague and Berlin still resonate in our present world culture. Under these conditions, what is the financial advantage (disadvantage) for the company as a whole (on a per unit basis) if the Quark Division accepts the$340 unit price. Explain why DECA is classified as a nonprofit organization? A city's intellectual influence is seen, through the influence of its publishing industry. Shoe Hut sells custom, handmade shoes. Unauthorized reproduction and distribution of this material is strictly prohibited. The net operating income associated with the Quark Division's HDTV is computed as follows: Sellingpriceperunit$480Variablecostperunit:Costofthescreen$140Variablecostofelectricparts210Totalvariablecost350Contributionmargin130Fixedcostsperunit80*Netoperatingincomeperunit$50\begin{array}{ lr} \\ Under the leadership of Mustafa Kermal (Atatrk), modern Turkey reemerged and the capital of Turkey was relocated to Ankara. The Quark Division has an order from an overseas source for 1,000 HDTVs. Cities are centers of innovation and businesses. 6 Wikipedia, list of cities containing major movie studios, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_containing_movie_studios, visited 15 October 2009. 11Scott details the elements of the cultural economy and its role in cities.11 He like many before him recognizes that the city has always had an influential role in the development of culture. The area is known for its diversity lined with shops, foreign consulates, churches, a variety of restaurant, cafes. Lifelong learning in Wyndham is implemented by a broad network of stakeholders, ranging from the city administration to learning institutions, the private sector and the general public, among others. \quad \text{Cost of the screen}&& \$140 \\ In the past 20 years, Tokyo has also contributed to this global culture by being a center of technology. Mayors from the Republic of Korea visit UNESCO learning cities in Germany and France for strategic exchange, UNESCO learning cities from around the world celebrate World Teachers Day, We can only break the poverty cycle through education, 77 new UNESCO learning cities from 44 countries, Learning Cities across the globe celebrate International Day of Education 2022, Blog: Cities are Key to Changing Course and Transforming Education, UNESCO learning cities commit to boosting learning for health and strengthening resilience, UNESCO Learning City Award goes to ten cities with outstanding achievements in lifelong learning. Oil and gas extraction. Explain the relationship between the terms in each of these pairs. The UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities is an international policy-oriented network providing inspiration, know-how and best practice. Jakarta is the capital if Indonesia and the location of the main headquarters of the Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) rank cities into classes of Alpha, Beta and Gamma from a selection of 55 world cities.7 The Alpha cities are : London, Paris, New York and Tokyo The second rank Alpha cities are Chicago, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Milan, Singapore Are these also the cities that influence global culture? Market size The only international singer is Tarkan, but it is not known what impact that he is having on bringing Turkey and Istanbul to the forefront of being a global cultural center. ), Global Cities: Cinema, Architecture, and Urbanism in a Digital Age, New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 2003, pp.15-30. It is, so small that one can tour the entire city by bicycle in thirty minutes. 25The cultural economy of Istanbul is very robust with a well developed and sophisticated media industry (publishing, television, movies, music etc.). One of the reasons for the many tourists visiting Boston is because they want to see Harvard University - the world`s top university. Key players and/or authorities from a city located in a UNESCO Member State that wishes to adopt the learning city concept may apply for membership. It should be noticed that many of these cities are large cities, but not among the mega-cities, cities over five million population (see Table 1). 17 D. Leslie, , Creative Cities?, p.403-405. Lifelong Learning Policies and Strategies, Observatory of Recognition, Validation and Accreditation, Global Report on Adult Learning and Education, Effective Literacy Practices Database (LitBase), Journal: International Review of Education, Learning cities: Drivers of inclusion and sustainability, Mayors from the Republic of Korea visit UNESCO learning cities in Germany and France for strategic exchange, World Teachers' Day story: We can only break the poverty cycle through education, Lifelong learning at the centre of development in the UNESCO learning city of Benguerir, Morocco, Learning Cities across the globe celebrate International Day of Education 2022, Blog: Cities are Key to Changing Course and Transforming Education, Submission of biennial UNESCO GNLC progress report due by 17 January 2022, International Conference on Learning Cities, Outcomes of the fifth International Conference on Learning Cities, How to build a learning city - video tutorial, From emergency to resilience: building healthy and resilient cities through learning, fifth International Conference on Learning Cities, Yeonsu, Republic of Korea, 27 to 30 October 2021: conference report, Inclusive lifelong learning in cities: Policies and practices for vulnerable groups, Snapshots of learning cities responses to COVID-19, How cities are utilizing the power of non-formal and informal learning to respond to the COVID-19 crisis, Conference Report: Third International Conference on Learning Cities - Cork, Ireland, Villa Mara Declaration - Meeting on Learning to Live Sustainably in Cities in Latin America and the Caribbean, The Hangzhou statement of the members of the UNESCO global network of learning city, Learning, sharing and collaborating: Portraits of participating cities of the first Members' Meeting of the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities - 15/16 November 2016. effectively mobilizes its resources in every sector to promote inclusive learning from basic to higher education; revitalizes learning in families and communities; facilitates learning for and in the workplace; extends the use of modern learning technologies; enhances quality and excellence in learning; and. The following could be strategies that could accelerate its entry into this status: Encouragement of cultural entrepreneurship; Development of an outward vision seeing Istanbul as a city-state connected to global cultural network; Increased state sponsorship of cultural arts in universities and schools of the arts; Improvements to telecommunication networks and, Sponsorship (private or public) of artists having exhibitions, galleries concerts in key international locations (i.e., New York, Paris, London, Milan etc.). There are numerous firms that are involved in design in fashion, furniture etc. Which of the following is an economic restructuring characteristic in the process of global city formation? have the largest stock market in the world, the greatest number of corporate headquarters. One, of the reasons for the many tourists visiting Boston is because they want to see Harvard Universitythe, world's top university. The artistic community is not creating the avenues for opening up Istanbul to the world. For example, Prague which languished during the Communist Era is one of the most exciting places in Europe. The Byzantine Empire which lasted for over a thousand years was slowly chipped away by the Turks until it lost most of its empire and at the end was only a city-state. Sassen (2005) outlined the different characteristics of globality that maintain its link to As pointed out by Leslie, these cities are building museums, conducting market campaigns and other activities in somewhat hazard manner to brand themselves as a Creative City. In imagination and in fact, Paris is a quintessential global city. The Kivetsky family had an adjusted gross income of $119,245.61. 33, 2002, pp.335-350. A learning city promotes lifelong learning for all. We might find individuals thinking of themselves as New Yorkers first and Americans second, or Parisiennes first and French second. Investing in human capital is crucial to Dublins successful development, and lifelong learning is key to this endeavour.. sometimes easier to watch the movie of a Filipino indie filmmaker in Singapore than it is in Manila! New York have the largest stock market in the world However, Copenhagen is now considered one of the, culinary capitals of the world, with its top restaurants incommensurate with its size. New York Times carries the name of New York City, but it is far from being a local newspaper. is Australia`s political capital and home of the country`s top politicians, bureaucrats, and policy advisors. a. if their childhood friends later developed Michael McAdams, Global Cities as Centers of Cultural Influence: A Focus on Istanbul, Turkey,Transtext(e)s Transcultures [En ligne], 3|2007, mis en ligne le 15 octobre 2009, consult le 02 mars 2023. Recent commentators have expanded the criteria that Sassen used to determine what constitutes a global city. As pointed out by Yardimici, Istanbul is a globalized and international city but not a cultural center which is influencing the global cultural network.24. The National Commission for UNESCO can endorse applications to join UNESCO GNLC, One open call for applications is issued. As the worlds largest petrochemical industrial city, Jubail Industrial City must further promote sustainable industrial production by ensuring that its population is equipped with comprehensive knowledge and skills.. Thus, there is a developing global network, but the perception that there may be global command centers that direct the global economy and likewise global culture as promoted by Sassenmay be simplistic.1 What is more probable is that there is a loose hierarchy of cities contributing to the transmittal and formation of global culture. The international film industry is now concentrated in a few number of nations. LEARNING OUTCOMES. Share. First, the rise of the nation-state created homogenous cultural spaces thus demoting cities as cultural melting pots: in the case of Istanbul, its Ottoman inheritance was replaced by a national Turkish state with the capital far away in Ankara. Manchester, England in the 1980s was a dreary, industrial city. Public access to information is a key component of UNESCO's commitment to transparency and its accountability. However, there are some interesting developments due to the increasing interconnection due to the Internet and the emerging digital environment. The center of Istanbul culture is Beyolu with its main street of Istiklal Caddesi. in the 1980s was a dreary industrial city. C. Computer programming. One could say that music is influenced by New York and Los Angeles. 8There could be some speculation that the size of the city is not really important to its global influence. In the early part of the 1800s, the Ottoman Empire was realizing that they were falling behind their Europeans and started to look to the West for cultural/technical innovation, particularly the French and the Germans.16 Istanbul incorporated many of the emerging European ideas, but did not retransmit them in another form, as later in the case of Japan and Tokyo. It is also where one will find artists and most of the expatriate community. 2In the Fordist and Post-Fordist era, very few would dispute that the United States has been a key transmitter of world culture. It has been the center of three major world cultures: Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman. The Renaissance culture that flourished in Florence and Venice was due to these cities being crossroads between the East and the West. \text{Variable expenses} && \underline{\hspace{5pt}\text{30}\text{*}} \\ Some of the key elements that make a city a cultural transmitter are: (1) significant amount of population involved in the cultural economy, (2) an established and well-connected international market for the cultural goods produced; (3) a place where different cultures and ideas vibrantly mix; (4) an urban environment which is encourages interaction; and (5) significant infrastructure (i.e., high speed Internet connections) and highly skilled labor force that would facilitate the creation of cultural goods. Global cities and the role of research universities. \end{array} \\ Istanbul is also the location of several major Turkish universities. His current research interests are in travel demand forecasting, urban geography, urban planning, urban morphology, watershed management, Geeographic Information Science education, spatial technologies and new approaches to analyze the urban environment such as fractal analysis and urban space syntax analysis. Yet, the future of Istanbul hinges on its ability to integrate and plug-in to the global cultural network not just as a participant, but as an influence. Size of the middle class, It is also not the gentrified historic neighborhoods that attract those that are in the creative arts, but those that are multi-cultural and vibrant. It is not the home of a major stock, market, and its population is rather homogenous. These are based on several criteria. Walker and P.J. 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